Modern day web users are familiar with symbolic addresses of web-sites, for example: yahoo.com or google.com. Certainly, these addresses and much easier to write and they're memorized far better. The domain name system (DNS), which operates through these representational addresses, is so merged with the Web that the majority of users don't even think it exists. Some acquainted users remember about DNS only if it there are specific issues.

Meanwhile, in addressing Web sites there is utilized a specific numerical code, which is IP-address. The website name is just utilized to carry out conversions between character and numeric addresses. Traditional IP-address can be written making use of four amounts in decimal notation, for example: 192.168.175.13 or 194.85.92.93. DNS permits us to relate a numeric IP-address with characters, like: 194.85.92.93 would much services.com. You would need a particular DNS guide in order to comprehend these things.

The symbolic address in DNS is a text string composed by special rules. The most important of these rules is a hierarchy of domains. DNS address system has got a tree construction. The nodes of the construction are referred to as domains. Each domain may contain several sub domains. DNS tree could be divided by levels: first, second, third and so forth. This starts with a single system of the root domain (zero). Curiously, about the presence of the root domain is now remembered only by experts, due to the fact that the current DNS allows not specify the domain in the address bar.

It's not difficult to guess that addresses by using DNS are written as a series, reflecting the hierarchy of names. The higher domain names are written in the right side of the address bar. Domain names are separated by dots. Let's consider, for instance, a string like www.site.services.com. There domain www is the 4th level, and others pointed out in this row are positioned in domains of the first level domain - com.

To convert the domain names and IP-addresses in DNS, there's used a distributed system of special servers. Each and every server maintains a "set of customers", performing for them the address interpretation. Among the DNS servers there is a hierarchy of "confidence" and distribution "areas of responsibility": a specific server could be responsible for a specific set of domains. These DNS-servers in the global Internet DNS system are interconnected and exchange information on rather complicated protocols. With a good DNS guide you may certainly understand more.
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