Esophageal cancer involves formation of malignant cells in the tissues of the esophagus. Esophagus is a muscular tube that enable food and liquids to move from the throat to the stomach. The main types of esophageal cancer are adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma forms in cells that produce and release mucus and other fluids. Squamous cell carcinoma forms in flat cells lining the esophagus. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma includes heavy alcohol consumption and smoking as major risk factors, with gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett esophagus further contributing as the risk factors of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Esophageal cancer has no early signs or symptoms; therefore, an advanced stage diagnosis is difficult.

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Some of the major drivers for the global esophageal cancer therapeutics market include combination therapies, treatment advancements, increasing number of regulatory approvals for esophageal cancer and a rise in the number of cancer treatment centers. Moreover, the launch of new drug therapies for esophageal cancer is expected to contribute as a key market driver in the near future. Also with a dense pipeline, many new drug candidates are expected to enter the global esophageal cancer therapeutics market. Safety concerns and efficacy of the treatment are the major factors that can hinder the market growth over the forecast period. Other factors hampering the market growth include low availability of drugs commercially and high cost of therapy for the treatment of esophageal cancer.

Certain chemotherapy medications such as Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Dacarbazine, Chlorambucil, Procarbazine Prednisolone, Mustine, Vincristine, Etoposide, Cyclophosphamide, Gemcitabine, Cisplatin and Cytarabine are well established as a conventional method. Immunotherapy, combination therapy, monoclonal antibodies and steroids have also been showing good results for the treatment of esophageal cancer.

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Some of the key players operating in the global esophageal cancer therapeutics market include Genentech, Inc., Sanofi-Aventis, Eli Lilly and Company, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc., Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, LLC, Gilead Sciences, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, among others.