Bioprinting of Joti Jain Medicine


Posted May 31, 2021 by jotijain123

Joti Jain believes that unmet medical needs and treatments that are not effective and very toxic as severe issues.
 
Bioprinting

What is Bioprinting?

Bioprinting is the new age fantasy that we never thought would come true. It is a manufacturing process that can create tissue-like structures to imitate natural tissues. The process is much like regular 3D printing, where a digital model becomes physical. Instead of resin or thermoplastic, a living cell suspension is used for the construction.

The structures are created using a substance called bioink. It carefully constructs the tissue layer by layer. The whole process involves four key steps:

● Preparation
● Printing
● Maturation
● Application

Bioprinting has massive implications for the world of medicine. As new as it is, technology is already rapidly developing, and it is showing no signs of stopping any time soon.

What are the applications of bioprinting?

Logically, bioprinting is already incredibly useful. It is creating tissue and eventually organs. However, there is more to bioprinting than meets the eye.

● Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering is considered the primary goal of bioprinting. Bioprinting allows tissue-like substance to be printed out, mimicking natural tissue and therefore be used for reconstruction and regeneration.

What is incredible about tissue engineering is that it does not stop at the creation of tissue. It is only a stepping-stone to the creation of skin, bones, and even organs! There are already several studies being conducted regarding the viability of using bio-printed valves, tissues, and skin in transplants.

● Cancer Research

Understanding a tumour requires more than a two-dimensional model. Cancer research is where bioprinting comes into play. The technology can be used to create tumours to study more in-depth. Not only will the specimen be three-dimensional, but also it will mimic the actual cancer tissue.



● Pharmaceutical Industry

The pharma industry is making excellent use of 3D printing technology. It is even benefitting from the development of bioprinting. Much like with cancer research, bioprinting allows for the efficacy of medication to be tested without a human participant.

The created tissue can be monitored to note any reactions. In one study, mice were given liver patches of bio-printed liver tissue. The researchers tested on the tissue and controlled the size, co-culture ability, and cross-contamination issues.

● Bioprinting and clinical trials

Bioprinting has some life-saving abilities. The process of creating tissue that reacts like natural tissue has given rise to a host of other possibilities. There remains a possibility that the tissue can be used for more than just testing and reconstruction but also to create whole organs.

While the bio-printed tissue and skin are used in clinical trials of pharma companies and observation in cancer research, the only real clinical trials done to test this new tissue's efficacy is in rats. The rats were given liver patches, which showed that it would buy a patient some time to receive an organ.

The actual construction of the organ remains troublesome and requires some rigorous clinical trials. The organs themselves are said to be ready for clinical testing in the next year or two. However, it is not the organs themselves that are going to go into testing first, but the valves. Once the valves have been approved, the actual organs' construction can be improved upon and later be sent out for clinical trials.

3D printing in organs and tissues

As described earlier, the printing of tissue is very much like printing any other object. It is a digital image that is created into a physical structure. The structure is constructed layer by layer of the material, in this case, live-cell suspension, to form the tissue.

Once researchers create a tissue, most want to move on to the printing of organs. Unlike tissue, organs are a lot more complicated. There are valves, arteries, and more details that are crucial to the functioning of the organ. Adding to the intricate details is that the organ needs to be able to fully integrate with the human body and behave like a natural organ.

The impact of organ printing is much larger than one can imagine. It affects three different industries:

● Organ Transplants

The treatment for organ failure right now is to wait for an available organ and then have it transplanted into the body. With the advent of organ and tissue printing, there will not be a need to wait for an organ to become available. Organs can be printed as required to keep up with the demand.

● Pharma

Pharmaceuticals will require such bio-printed organs for research purposes. Much like the research done with tissue, the pharmaceutical industry can switch to conducting trials on the constructed organs rather than live human trials. Researchers create organ with a material that mimics the natural tissue and cells, so any effects of the medication will be accurate.

● Training

An unexpected blessing of bio-printed organs is the educational purposes it will serve. Bio-printed organs can be used in medical schools for the training of physicians and surgeons. It will be great for new doctors to observe and practice without the consequence of a fatality or the issue of dissecting a corpse.

Future of 3D in organ printing

Bioprinting has a potential future ahead of it. Bioprinting has already been able to create tissue and utilize it for reconstructive and regenerative purposes. The construction and subsequent clinical trials for bio-printed organs are said to take place within the next two years. It is safe to say that the future of bioprinting is a bright one.

Here is a list of possible projects that the upcoming year will bring:

● Printing of organs: Organs such as the heart are going to be printed using biomaterial, that is, material from the patient to reduce the chances of rejection.
● Pancreas: Those with diabetes will have another option for treatment. Bio-printing is all set to come out with pancreas, ideally known as bionic pancreas.
● Liver: As mentioned earlier, there is already a liver patch that has been tested on mice. The liver being printed will be moving the drug testing and research a lot further ahead.
● Bone: Apart from organs, bones are also being printed! This technology will be especially beneficial for those with physical disabilities.

Endnotes

3D printing has revolutionized the medical industry. With the advent of bioprinting and the technological advancements, the face of medicine will never be the same again.
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Issued By Joti Jain
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Tags drugs , jain , joti
Last Updated May 31, 2021