The Types and Roles of Amino Acids (I)


Posted January 31, 2021 by beauty33

There are roughly 11 kinds of amino acids required by the human body, of which eight are essential amino acids.
 
There are roughly 11 kinds of amino acids required by the human body, of which eight are essential amino acids. The lacking of them will cause great harm to the human body, and three are non-essential amino acids. Generally speaking, it can be roughly divided into the following categories.

Lysine
What is Lysine?

Lysine is one of the essential basic amino acids for humans and mammals, and the body cannot synthesize it by itself. It must be supplemented from food. Lysine is mainly found in animal foods and legumes. Because the content of lysine in cereal food is very low, and it is easily destroyed and lacked during processing, it is called the first limiting amino acid.

What is the role of lysine?

It plays a positive role in promoting human growth and development, enhancing immunity, anti-virus, promoting fat oxidation, relieving anxiety, etc. It can also regulate the body's metabolic balance. Lysine provides structural components for synthetic carnitine, and carnitine will promote the synthesis of fatty acids in cells. It can be combined with acidic drugs (such as salicylic acid, etc.) to generate salt to reduce adverse reactions, and combined with methionine can inhibit severe hypertension. Adding a small amount of lysine to food can stimulate the secretion of pepsin and gastric acid, improve the secretion of gastric juice, and increase appetite and promote growth and development of young children.

What are the consequences of lack of lysine?

Lack of lysine will result in insufficient gastric juice secretion and anorexia and nutritional anemia, resulting in central nervous system obstruction and poor development. A deficiency of lysine can cause symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of appetite, developmental delay, and anemia.

What are the foods rich in lysine?

Foods rich in lysine include sesame seeds, sunflower seeds, leafy vegetables, fish, milk, egg yolks, meat, fish, milk, soybeans and fungi and other protein-rich foods.

Tryptophan
What is tryptophan?

Tryptophan is the precursor of the human body's important neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine. It is a kind of nutrient, which helps the synthesis of niacin and heme, and is one of the essential amino acids of the human body.

What is the role of tryptophan?

Tryptophan can help sleep. Foods containing tryptophan can promote the secretion of serotonin and melatonin, and can also regulate the body's biological clock, so it has the effect of helping sleep. Tryptophan also helps niacin and the synthesis of heme, can significantly increase the body's antibodies during pregnancy, and promote the secretion of milk.

What are the consequences of lack of tryptophan?

If the human body lacks tryptophan, in addition to affecting the quality of sleep, it also affects gastric secretion. In some cases, it may exhibit abnormal behaviors, neurological hallucinations, and insomnia.

What are the foods rich in tryptophan?

Usually the most common tryptophan foods are millet, walnuts or tofu. Especially the tryptophan content in millet is very high.

Phenylalanine
What is phenylalanine?

Phenylalanine is one of the essential amino acids of the human body and belongs to the aromatic amino acid. Most of the body is catalyzed by phenylalanine hydroxylase to oxidize to tyrosine, and synthesize important neurotransmitters and hormones together with tyrosine to participate in the body's sugar metabolism and fat metabolism.

What is the role of phenylalanine?

Phenylalanine belongs to a class of amino acids found in many foods and is used to produce proteins and other important molecules. It has been studied for the treatment of many diseases. Including skin diseases, depression and pain. More importantly, phenylalanine is essential for the production of other molecules, including: the normal function of these molecules may have a negative impact on health.

What are the consequences of lack of phenylalanine?

Too little phenylalanine intake can cause fatigue, depression, and memory loss.

What are the foods rich in phenylalanine?

You can eat more foods containing high-quality protein, such as eggs, meat, and fish.

Methionine
What is Methionine?

Methionine is one of the essential amino acids that constitute the human body and participates in protein synthesis. Because it cannot be produced by itself in the body, it must be obtained from the outside.

What is the role of methionine?

Anti-cirrhosis, fatty liver and various acute, chronic, viral and icteric livers. It protects the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes from damage, and is particularly useful for myocardial damage caused by Keshan disease. The concentration of methionine in the blood of patients with depression is significantly reduced. Exogenous methionine supplementation has a therapeutic effect on depression. It can prevent and treat the harm of toxic metals and non-metals to the human body.

What are the consequences of lack of methionine?

Deficiency Lack of methionine will affect the function of urine production and cause edema and easy infection.

What are the foods rich in methionine?

Foods containing methionine include sesame, rapeseed, spinach, millet, Joe wheat noodles, cauliflower, beetroot, scallops, mussels, sea rice and other foods.

Threonine
What is Threonine?

Threonine is an essential amino acid and an important nutrient fortifier. It can fortify cereals, cakes, and dairy products. It can relieve fatigue just like tryptophan.

What is the role of threonine?

It can promote protein synthesis and deposition, balance amino acids, reduce the excessive tryptophan or methionine caused by growth inhibition, and eliminate the excessive lysine caused by weight loss.

What are the consequences of lack of threonine?

Symptoms of threonine deficiency include emotional agitation, confusion, digestive difficulties and fatty liver.

What are the foods rich in threonine?

Foods rich in threic acid include fish, such as cuttlefish, octopus, eel, loach, sea cucumber, cuttlefish, silkworm pupa, chicken, frozen tofu, seaweed, etc.

Isoleucine (L-Isoleucine)
What is isoleucine?

Isoleucine is also called "α-amino-β-methylvaleric acid" systematically. It is one of the essential amino acids of the human body and a kind of aliphatic neutral amino acids.

What is the role of isoleucine?

The role of leucine includes working with isoleucine and valine to repair muscles, control blood sugar, and provide energy to body tissues. It also increases the production of growth hormone and helps burn visceral fat, which is difficult to have an effective effect on them only through dieting and exercise because it is inside the body.

What are the consequences of lack of isoleucine?

People who lack isoleucine will experience symptoms similar to hypoglycemia, such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, depression, confusion, and irritability.

What are the foods rich in isoleucine?

The main food sources of isoleucine: eggs, soybeans, almonds, black rice, animal liver, brown rice, fish and dairy products.

To be continued in Part II…

About Boc Sciences

BOC Sciences offers a wide range of high quality research chemicals and biochemicals including amino acids, peptides and resins for laboratory and scientific use. Here is a list of amino acids products:

D-Amino Acids, L-Amino Acids, DL-Amino Acids, β−Amino acids, γ−Amino acids, Fmoc-Amino Acids, BOC-Amino Acids, CBZ-Amino Acids, Cyclic Amino Acids, Bicyclic Amino Acids, Alkynyl Amino Acids, Fluorinated amino acids, Glyco Amino Acids, Fluorescent Amino Acids, Amino Alcohol, Amino Aldehydes, Isotope Labelled Amino Acids, Inhibitors containing Unusual Amino Acids, Other Unnatural Amino Acids etc.
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Issued By https://aapep.bocsci.com/
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Categories Biotech
Last Updated January 31, 2021