When the hull is removed, a thin fibrous laver can be seen. This is called the pericarp, frequently known as the "silverskin". The layer is usually translucent or greyish in color. When the pericarp is not translucent, but reddish in color the gain is referred to as red rice. It is considered as an integral part of the brown rice kernel (caryopsis) but is easily removed in the rice whitener. The main function of this layer is to serve as an additional protective layer against molds and quality deterioration through oxidation and enzymes due to the movements of oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor.
Phytates are anti-nutrients found in grains and legumes. Phytates, or phytic acid, binds to minerals like zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, niacin and calcium, preventing them from being absorbed. Phytic acid also inhibits pepsin, the enzyme needed to properly break down protein as well as amylase, the enzyme needed to break down sugar. So not only does phytic acid prevent nutrient absorption, it interferes with proper digestion.
Paddy forms a complete cone when it is vertically unloaded on a flat surface by paddy separator. The angle of the side of this cone-shaped mass of grain, measured after the flow of grain has completely stopped, is the angle of repose. This angle defers from each type of grain and depends much on the smoothness of the surface of the grain.
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